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Revision history for this page on the wikienMediaWiki 1.13.3Tue, 03 Nov 2026 23:34:18 GMTLannaMullen353: New page: <h1> Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</h1> <p>An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation (ballooning) of area of the aorta that is located in the abdomen. An abdominal aortic aneurysm quite o...
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<p>New page: <h1> Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</h1> <p>An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation (ballooning) of area of the aorta that is located in the abdomen. An abdominal aortic aneurysm quite o...</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><h1> Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</h1><br />
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<p>An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation (ballooning) of area of the aorta that is located in the abdomen. An abdominal aortic aneurysm quite often leads to no indicators unless it ruptures (bursts). A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is often fatal. An [http://aneurismaabdominal.weebly.com/ aorta abdomen] much less than 50 mm wide has a below average chance of rupture. A surgery to repair the aneurysm will be recommended if it is larger sized than 50 mm, as above this dimension the chance of rupture raises. Males aged 65 and more are to be proposed a program scan to screen for abdominal aortic aneurysm.</p><br />
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<h2>What is the aorta?</h2><p>The aorta is the most significant artery (blood vessel) in the human body. It carries blood from the heart and descends through the chest and the abdomen. Many arteries come off the aorta to supply blood to all parts of the body. At about the level of the pelvis the aorta divides into two arteries, one going to each leg.</p><br />
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<h2 >What is an aneurysm and an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><p>An aneurysm is where a part of an artery widens (balloons out). The wall of an aneurysm is less strong than a healthy artery wall. The tension of the blood inside of the artery leads to the weaker section of wall to balloon.<br /><br /><div style="text-align:center><img style="width:294px;height:270px;float:left;" src="http://www.abdominalaneurysm.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/AAA.gif" alt="Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm"/> <img style="width:310px;height:263px;" src="http://www.abdominalaneurysm.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm.gif" alt="Diagram showing the main arteries of the body and details of an aortic aneurysm"/></div><br /><br />Aneurysms could happen in any existing artery, but they most usually take place in the aorta. Most aortic aneurysms occur in the section of the aorta that moves through the abdomen. These are identified as abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). In some cases they occur in the segment going through the chest. These are known as thoracic aortic aneurysms.<br /><br />The normal size of the aorta in the abdomen is around 20 mm. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is said to be present if a area of the aorta within the abdomen is 30 mm or more in diameter.<br /><br />The rest of this booklet is mainly about AAAs.<br /><br />AAAs range in size. As a rule, at the time you develop an AAA, it tends gradually to get greater. The speed at which it obtains larger differs from person to person. However, on average, an AAA tends to get larger by around 10% per year.</p><br />
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<h2>What leads to an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><br />
<h3>In most cases</h3><p>The actual factor why an aneurysm forms in the aorta in most cases is not well-defined. Most situations happen in aged people. An AAA is rare in people below the age of 60. For that reason, growing older has a significant factor to play.<br /><br />The wall of the aorta ordinarily has levels of easy muscle mass, and layers created from tissues called elastin and collagen. Elastin and collagen are powerful assisting tissues. What seems to happen is that a part of the aorta loses its regular toughness and elasticity in some people as they grow older. Researching advises that this is due to changes in the elastin, collagen and smooth muscle tissues. There seem to be complicated biochemical procedures that trigger these changes. Some people are more prone than others to these changes.<br /><br />Your hereditary make-up plays a part, as you have a significantly higher chance of raising an AAA if one of your parents has, or had, one.<br /><br />Atheroma may additionally play a part. Atheroma is a oily material that deposits within the inside of lining of arteries. Atheroma is in some cases called furring of the arteries. Most AAAs are layered with some atheroma. Anybody can develop atheroma, but it develops more often with raising age. Particular risk variables also increase the chance of atheroma forming. They include: smoking cigarettes, high blood tension, diabetes, raised cholesterol level, taking little exercise, and obesity. These are the same risk factors that enhance the probability of atheroma forming in the heart (coronary) arteries, which can cause angina and heart attacks.</p><br />
<h3>In a minority of cases</h3><p>Rare causes of AAAs include injury or infection of the aorta. As well, certain rare inherited factors can influence the artery structure. In these uncommon situations an aneurysm may develop at a relatively young age.</p><br />
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<h2>How common are abdominal aortic aneurysms?</h2><p>About 6 in 100 men and about 2 in 100 women over the age of 65 have an AAA. It becomes more common with increasing age. In spite of this, most people with an AAA are not aware that they have one. An AAA is uncommon in people below the age of 60.</p><br />
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<h2>What is the concern about an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><p>The main concern is that the aneurysm might rupture (burst). The wall of the aneurysm is less strong than a normal artery wall and may not be able to withstand the force of blood inside. If it ruptures then severe internal bleeding occurs which is often fatal. Of course, most AAAs do not rupture - only a certain proportion (see below).</p><br />
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<h2>What are the warning signs of an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><p>Often there are no warnings. At the time of identification, 7 in 10 people with an AAA will not have had any symptoms due to the aneurysm. The ballooning of the aneurysm does not result in any symptoms unless it becomes large sufficient to put force on nearby structures. If signs do happen, they are possible to be mild abdominal or back pains. There are many causes of mild abdominal and back pain. For that reason, the diagnosis may be delayed except when the aneurysm is big enough to be felt by a doctor when he or she inspects your abdomen.<br /><br />From time to time small blood clots form on the inside lining of an AAA. These may break up off and be taken down the aorta and block a smaller artery further on. These blood clots are called emboli and can be harmful. For instance, complete blockage of an artery that delivers a foot may lead to reduction of blood to part of the foot, which can cause problems in the foot and gangrene if left untreated.<br /><br />If the aneurysm does rupture then you are likely to have sudden severe abdominal and/or back pain. This is normally soon followed by collapse as the internal bleeding causes a sharp drop in blood pressure.</p><br />
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<h2>The best way in which an abdominal aortic aneurysm is diagnosed?</h2><ul><li>Sometimes a medical professional feels the stick out of an aneurysm throughout a program exam of the abdomen. Nevertheless, many AAAs are too small to medium sized to feel.</li><li>An X-ray of the abdomen (often executed for other causes) will display calcium mineral deposits lining the wall of an AAA in a few, but not almost all, situations.</li><li>An ultrasound diagnostic scan is the easiest way to detect an AAA. This is a painless check. It is the exact same option of scan that expecting a baby women have to look at the baby in the womb. The size of the aneurysm can also be measured by ultrasound. As discussed later, it is important to know the size.</li><li>A more detailed scan, such as a CT scan, is sometimes done. This may be accomplished if your current medical expert demands to know whether the aneurysm is influencing any of the arteries that come off the aorta. For example, if the aneurysm involves the section of the aorta where the arteries to the kidneys branch off, surgeons need to know this information if they plan to operate.</li></ul><br />
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<h2>What is the chance of an abdominal aortic aneurysm rupturing?</h2><p>The chance of rupture is low if an AAA is compact. As a rule, the risk of rupture increases with improving dimension. This is much like a balloon - the larger you blow it up, the greater the tension, and the greater the probability it will burst. The size of an AAA can be measured by an ultrasound diagnostic scan. The following gives over-all danger figures for the size (diameter) of the aneurysm:</p><ul><li>40 mm-55 mm: about a 1 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>55 mm-60 mm: about a 10 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>60 mm-69 mm: about a 15 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>70 mm-79 mm: about a 35 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>80 mm or more: about a 50 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li></ul><p>As a rule, for any given size, the risk of rupture is increased in smokers, females, those with high blood pressure, and those with a relatives background of an AAA.</p><br />
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<h2>Should really everybody with an abdominal aortic aneurysm have surgery?</h2><p>The simple answer is no. Surgery repair of an AAA is a significant procedure and includes threats. A small amount of people will die during, or quickly after, the operations. If you have a small AAA, the probability of death triggered by surgery is higher than the danger of rupture. As a result, surgery is usually not suggested if you have an AAA less than 50 mm wide. Nevertheless, regular ultrasound verification will generally be recommended to discover if it gets larger over time.<br /><br />Surgery is generally advised if you develop an AAA larger than 50 mm. For these larger aneurysms the probability of rupture is often higher than the risk of surgery. Nevertheless, if your general state of health is bad, or if you have certain other clinical conditions, this may raise the threat if you have surgical procedure. Therefore, in a number of situations the final decision to operate may be a really difficult one.<br /><br />Urgent situation medical procedures is needed if an AAA ruptures. On average, about 8 in 10 people who have a ruptured aortic aneurysm will die due to the quick critical bleeding. However, crisis surgery is lifesaving in some situations.</p><br />
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<h2>What treatments are implemented?</h2><p>There are 2 types of medical procedure to restore an AAA.<br /><br />The traditional operation is to cut out the negative piece of aorta and swap it with an artificial section of artery (a graft). This is a main procedure and, as described, provides some risk. Some people die during this operation. However, it is successful in most cases and the aneurysm is absolutely fixed. The long-term prospect is good. The graft normally works nicely for the rest of your life.<br /><br />A newer method makes it possible for the aorta to be fixed by a technique known as endovascular repair. This has become a popular solution in recent years. In this method a tube is passed up from inside one of the leg arteries into the area of the aneurysm. This tube is then passed across the increased aneurysm and fixed to the good aorta wall applying metal clips. The advantage to this style of repair is that there is no abdominal surgery. This technique is thus less dangerous than the standard procedure, and you need to have to spend less time in medical center. A disadvantage is that some persons have to undergo a further surgery at a later stage to refine the initial procedure.<br /><br />Surgery tactics keep going to develop and improve. Your surgeon will recommend about the positives and negative aspects of surgical treatment, the different forms of surgery, and the best choice for you.</p><br />
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<h2>Other solutions may be necessary</h2><p>If you have an AAA, you are probably to have a substantial amount of atheroma that lines the artery. For that reason, you are at danger of having substantial atheroma in other arteries, such as the coronary (heart) arteries and brain arteries. Therefore, you are likely to be at increased risk of developing heart disease (angina, heart attack, etc) and stroke.<br /><br />In fact, most people who develop an aortic AAA do not die of the aneurysm but die from additional vascular conditions, such as a heart strike or stroke.<br /><br />Therefore, you should think of doing what you can to minimize the threat of these disorders by other suggests. For illustration:</p><ul><li>Eat a healthy diet which contains keeping a low salt intake.</li><li>If you are able, exercise often.</li><li>Lose weight if you are overweight.</li><li>Do not smoke cigarettes.</li><li>If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.</li><li>If you have high blood pressure, diabetes, or a high cholesterol level, they should be well controlled on treatment.</li><li>You may be prescribed a statin drug to lower your cholesterol level and low-dose aspirin to help prevent blood clots from forming.</li></ul><p>See separate booklet called <i>'Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases'</i> for more details.</p><br />
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<h2>Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm</h2><p>Research studies recommend that a routine ultrasound scan is worthwhile for all men aged 65. This is due to the fact most people with an AAA do not have symptoms. Following a program diagnostic scan, surgery can be provided to men found to have an aneurysm over 50 mm wide. Follow-up scans can be supplied to monitor those with smaller aneurysms.<br /><br />In early 2008, the authorities announced that over the subsequent five years ultrasound screening would be rolled out to enable all men in England aged 65 and over to be screened. Screening is likely to begin in Scotland in 2011. Wales and Northern Ireland have yet to announce their plans. Screening for AAA is offered only to men, as the condition is much more typical in men than in women. One research released in 2009 predicted that if all men in their 60s and 70s were screened in England then this could save nearly 2,000 lives a year. However, there are some people who have fears about screening for AAA; for example, see the paper by Johnson cited under 'References', below.</p></div>Thu, 29 Mar 2012 15:51:37 GMTLannaMullen353http://www.aalf.org/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:LannaMullen353