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Revision history for this page on the wikienMediaWiki 1.13.3Wed, 04 Nov 2026 14:48:45 GMTLienSchreiner108: New page: <h1> Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</h1> <p>An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation (ballooning) of part of the aorta that is located in the abdomen. An abdominal aortic aneurysm mostly ...
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<p>New page: <h1> Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</h1> <p>An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation (ballooning) of part of the aorta that is located in the abdomen. An abdominal aortic aneurysm mostly ...</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><h1> Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm</h1><br />
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<p>An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a dilation (ballooning) of part of the aorta that is located in the abdomen. An abdominal aortic aneurysm mostly triggers no indicators unless it ruptures (bursts). A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is quite often dangerous. An [http://abdominalaneurysm.posterous.com/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm aneurisma abdominal] less than 50 mm broad holds a minimal probability of rupture. A surgical procedure to repair the aneurysm can be proposed if it is larger sized than 50 mm, as earlier mentioned this size the threat of rupture increases. Males 65 years old and more are to be offered a routine scan to screen for abdominal aortic aneurysm.</p><br />
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<h2>What is the aorta?</h2><p>The aorta is the biggest artery (blood vessel) in the body. It carries blood from the heart and descends through the chest and the abdomen. Many arteries come off the aorta to supply blood to all parts of the body. At about the level of the pelvis the aorta divides into two arteries, one going to each leg.</p><br />
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<h2 >What is an aneurysm and an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><p>An aneurysm is where a area of an artery widens (balloons out). The wall of an aneurysm is weaker than a healthy artery wall. The force of the blood in the artery causes the weaker section of wall to balloon.<br /><br /><div style="text-align:center><img style="width:294px;height:270px;float:left;" src="http://www.abdominalaneurysm.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/AAA.gif" alt="Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm"/> <img style="width:310px;height:263px;" src="http://www.abdominalaneurysm.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm.gif" alt="Diagram showing the main arteries of the body and details of an aortic aneurysm"/></div><br /><br />Aneurysms could happen in any existing artery, but they most usually occur in the aorta. Most aortic aneurysms take place in the section of the aorta that goes through the abdomen. These are recognized as abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). In some cases they occur in the section going via the chest. These are known as thoracic aortic aneurysms.<br /><br />The typical dimension of the aorta in the abdomen is about 20 mm. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is said to be present if a area of the aorta within the abdomen is 30 mm or more in diameter.<br /><br />The rest of this booklet is only about AAAs.<br /><br />AAAs differ in sizing. As a rule, after you develop an AAA, it leads gradually to obtain larger. The speed at which it becomes larger differs from person to person. In spite of this, on average, an AAA leads to get larger by around 10% for each year.</p><br />
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<h2>What leads to an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><br />
<h3>In the majority of cases</h3><p>The exact factor why an aneurysm forms in the aorta in most cases is not clear. Most situations happen in aged people. An AAA is rare in people less than the age of 60. For that reason, getting old has a major factor to play.<br /><br />The wall of the aorta ordinarily has levels of smooth muscle mass, and layers created from tissues named elastin and collagen. Elastin and collagen are strong assisting tissues. What seems to happen is that a part of the aorta loses its normal strength and flexibility in some people as they get older. Researches advises that this is because of to changes in the elastin, collagen and smooth muscle tissues. There seem to be difficult biochemical processes that trigger these changes. Some people are more susceptible than others to these changes.<br /><br />Your hereditary make-up plays a part, as you have a significantly higher chance of developing an AAA if one of your parents has, or had, one.<br /><br />Atheroma may as well play a part. Atheroma is a oily substance that stores within the inside of lining of arteries. Atheroma is from time to time termed furring of the arteries. Most AAAs are layered with some atheroma. Anybody can develop atheroma, but it develops more commonly with increasing age. Several risk aspects also improve the chance of atheroma growing. They include: smoking cigarettes, high blood tension, diabetes, raised cholesterol level, taking little exercise, and obesity. These are the same risk factors that raise the probability of atheroma forming in the heart (coronary) arteries, which can cause angina and heart attacks.</p><br />
<h3>In a minority of cases</h3><p>Rare triggers of AAAs have injury or infection of the aorta. Additionally, certain unusual hereditary circumstances can influence the artery structure. In these unusual situations an aneurysm may develop at a rather young age.</p><br />
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<h2>How regularly occurring are abdominal aortic aneurysms?</h2><p>About 6 in 100 men and about 2 in 100 women over the age of 65 have an AAA. It will become more regular with increasing age. Though, most people with an AAA are not knowledgeable that they have one. An AAA is unusual in people less than the age of 60.</p><br />
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<h2>What is the concern about an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><p>The main concern is that the aneurysm could rupture (burst). The wall of the aneurysm is weaker than a usual artery wall and may not be able to resist the tension of blood inside. If it ruptures then severe internal bleeding occurs which is often fatal. Of course, most AAAs do not rupture - only a certain proportion (see below).</p><br />
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<h2>What are the symptoms and signs of an abdominal aortic aneurysm?</h2><p>Quite often there are no signals or symptoms. At the time of identification, 7 in 10 people with an AAA will not have had any symptoms due to the aneurysm. The ballooning of the aneurysm does not cause any symptoms unless of course it becomes large enough to put tension on nearby structures. If signs do take place, they are most likely to be mild abdominal or back discomfort. There are many causes of mild abdominal and back pain. Therefore, the diagnosis may be postponed until the aneurysm is large enough to be sensed by a medical professional when he or she inspects your abdomen.<br /><br />From time to time small blood clots form on the inside lining of an AAA. These may break up off and be carried down the aorta and obstruct a smaller artery further on. These blood clots are called emboli and can be damaging. For illustration, complete blockage of an artery that supplies a foot may prospect to loss of blood to part of the foot, which can result in problems in the foot and gangrene if left untreated.<br /><br />If the aneurysm does rupture then you are likely to have sudden severe abdominal and/or back pain. This is commonly soon followed by collapse as the internal bleeding causes a sharp drop in blood pressure.</p><br />
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<h2>The way in which an abdominal aortic aneurysm is diagnosed?</h2><ul><li>Sometimes a doctor senses the bulge of an aneurysm in the course of a routine exam of the abdomen. However, many AAAs are too small to feel.</li><li>An X-ray of the abdomen (often carried out for different reasons) will indicate calcium stores lining the wall of an AAA in some, but not all, situations.</li><li>An ultrasound diagnostic scan is the easiest way to detect an AAA. This is an uncomplicated evaluation. It is the exact same option of diagnostic scan that expecting a baby women have to look at the baby in the womb. The size of the aneurysm can also be measured by ultrasound. As discussed later, it is important to know the size.</li><li>A more detailed scan, such as a CT scan, is sometimes done. This may be performed if your personal medical expert requires to know whether the aneurysm is influencing any of the arteries that come off the aorta. For illustration, if the aneurysm involves the section of the aorta where the arteries to the kidneys branch off, surgeons need to know this info if they plan to operate.</li></ul><br />
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<h2>What is the chance of an abdominal aortic aneurysm rupturing?</h2><p>The chance of rupture is minimal if an AAA is small. As a rule, the risk of rupture grows with improving dimensions. This is much like a balloon - the larger you blow it up, the greater the pressure, and the greater the probability it will burst. The size of an AAA can be tested by an ultrasound diagnostic scan. The following gives overall threat figures for the size (diameter) of the aneurysm:</p><ul><li>40 mm-55 mm: about a 1 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>55 mm-60 mm: about a 10 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>60 mm-69 mm: about a 15 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>70 mm-79 mm: about a 35 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li><li>80 mm or more: about a 50 in 100 chance of rupture per year.</li></ul><p>As a rule, for any given size, the risk of rupture is increased in smokers, females, those with high blood pressure, and those with a family background of an AAA.</p><br />
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<h2>Should really everyone with an abdominal aortic aneurysm have surgery?</h2><p>The simple answer is no. Surgical repair of an AAA is a significant treatment and includes dangers. A small quantity of people will die during, or right after, the procedure. If you have a small AAA, the probability of loss of life triggered by surgical procedures is greater than the threat of rupture. Therefore, medical procedures is normally not advised if you have an AAA less than 50 mm broad. Even so, regular ultrasound tests will generally be advised to discover if it gets larger over time.<br /><br />Surgical treatments is generally advised if you develop an AAA larger than 50 mm. For these larger aneurysms the probability of rupture is often higher than the risk of surgery. But, if your general condition of health is poor, or if you have certain other healthcare issues, this could improve the probability if you have surgical treatment. For that reason, in certain scenarios the choice to operate may be a problematic one.<br /><br />Urgent medical procedures is important if an AAA ruptures. On average, about 8 in 10 people who have a ruptured aortic aneurysm will die due to the immediate severe bleeding. However, emergency surgery is lifesaving in some conditions.</p><br />
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<h2>What surgical procedures are implemented?</h2><p>There are 2 types of operative procedure to fix an AAA.<br /><br />The regular surgery is to cut out the bad part of aorta and swap it by using an artificial section of artery (a graft). This is a major operations and, as described, brings some threat. Some people die for the duration of this operation. However, it is successful in the majority of cases and the aneurysm is completely fixed. The long-term view is good. The graft usually works well for the rest of your life.<br /><br />A current procedure allows the aorta to be fixed by a procedure known as endovascular repair. This has become a popular choice in recent years. In this technique a tube is passed up from inside one of the leg arteries into the section of the aneurysm. This tube is then passed throughout the increased aneurysm and fixed to the good aorta wall applying metal clips. The benefit to this specific style of repair is that there is no abdominal surgical procedure. This method is thus safer than the traditional surgery, and you need to spend less time in the hospital. A negative aspect is that some patients have to undergo a further operation at a later stage to perfect the early surgery.<br /><br />Surgery tactics keep going to develop and improve. Your surgeon will recommend about the benefits and cons of surgical procedures, the various types of operation, and the best solution for you.</p><br />
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<h2>Other solutions could be necessary</h2><p>If you have an AAA, you are most likely to have a significant amount of atheroma that lines the artery. For that reason, you are at danger of having substantial atheroma formation in other arteries, such as the coronary (heart) arteries and brain arteries. Therefore, you are likely to be at improved risk of developing heart disease (angina, heart attack, etc) and stroke.<br /><br />In fact, most people who develop an aortic AAA do not die of the aneurysm but die from additional vascular conditions, such as a heart harm or stroke.<br /><br />Therefore, you should think of doing what you can to decrease the danger of these conditions by other suggests. For illustration:</p><ul><li>Eat a healthy diet which includes keeping a low salt intake.</li><li>If you are able, exercise regularly.</li><li>Lose excess weight if you are over weight.</li><li>Do not smoke cigarettes.</li><li>If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.</li><li>If you have high blood pressure, diabetes, or a high cholesterol level, they should be well controlled on treatment.</li><li>You may be prescribed a statin drug to lower your cholesterol level and low-dose aspirin to help prevent blood clots from forming.</li></ul><p>See separate booklet called <i>'Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases'</i> for more details.</p><br />
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<h2>Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm</h2><p>Research analyses propose that a program ultrasound check out is beneficial for all men aged 65. This is mainly because most people with an AAA do not have symptoms. Following a routine diagnostic scan, surgery treatment can be available to men found to have an aneurysm over 50 mm wide. Follow-up scans can be provided to monitor those with smaller aneurysms.<br /><br />In early 2008, the government introduced that over the subsequent five years ultrasound screening would be rolled out to enable all men in England aged 65 and over to be screened. Screening is likely to begin in Scotland in 2011. Wales and Northern Ireland have yet to announce their plans. Screening for AAA is offered only to men, as the condition is much more common in men than in women. One research published in 2009 predicted that if all men in their 60s and 70s were screened in England then this could save nearly 2,000 lives a year. However, there are some people who have concerns about screening for AAA; for example, see the paper by Johnson cited under 'References', below.</p></div>Thu, 12 Apr 2012 17:29:53 GMTLienSchreiner108http://www.aalf.org/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:LienSchreiner108